制药英文翻译中，哪些句子需要调整语序？

在制药行业的英文翻译中，由于中英文两种语言的语法结构存在差异，有些句子需要进行语序调整，以确保翻译的准确性和流畅性。以下是一些常见的需要调整语序的句子类型及调整方法。

一、定语从句

原句：The drug which is used to treat cancer has been approved by the FDA.
调整后：The drug, which is used to treat cancer, has been approved by the FDA.
解释：在英文中，定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词之后，而在中文中，定语从句往往放在被修饰的名词之前。因此，将定语从句放在被修饰的名词之后，使句子更符合英文语法。
原句：The patient who has been suffering from the disease for many years is now receiving the new medication.
调整后：The patient, who has been suffering from the disease for many years, is now receiving the new medication.
解释：同样地，将定语从句放在被修饰的名词之后，使句子更符合英文语法。

二、状语从句

原句：If the patient does not respond to the treatment, the doctor will consider changing the medication.
调整后：If the patient does not respond to the treatment, the doctor will consider changing the medication.
解释：在英文中，状语从句的位置比较灵活，可以放在句首、句中或句末。但在翻译时，为了使句子更符合中文表达习惯，可以将状语从句放在句首。
原句：When the patient's condition improves, the doctor will reduce the dosage of the medication.
调整后：When the patient's condition improves, the doctor will reduce the dosage of the medication.
解释：同样地，将状语从句放在句首，使句子更符合中文表达习惯。

三、并列句

原句：The drug is effective and safe, but it has some side effects.
调整后：The drug is effective and safe; however, it has some side effects.
解释：在英文中，并列句通常使用分号或逗号加连词来连接两个独立的句子。而在中文中，并列句往往使用逗号或分号来连接。因此，在翻译时，需要根据中文表达习惯调整并列句的语序。
原句：The patient needs to take the medication twice a day, and it should be taken with food.
调整后：The patient needs to take the medication twice a day; it should be taken with food.
解释：同样地，在翻译并列句时，需要根据中文表达习惯调整语序。

四、被动语态

原句：The medication was prescribed by the doctor.
调整后：The doctor prescribed the medication.
解释：在英文中，被动语态的使用较为普遍，而在中文中，主动语态更为常见。因此，在翻译时，可以将被动语态调整为主动语态，使句子更符合中文表达习惯。
原句：The drug has been tested and found to be effective.
调整后：The drug has been tested and found effective.
解释：同样地，在翻译被动语态时，可以将被动语态调整为主动语态，使句子更符合中文表达习惯。

总之，在制药行业的英文翻译中，调整语序是确保翻译准确性和流畅性的重要手段。了解并掌握各种句子类型的调整方法，有助于提高翻译质量。